Look, I'm already knee deep in Endler and Human genetics, should probably be learning Betta genetics.
The goldfish genetics will have to wait until they hatch, grow up and start expressing genes that interest me like the light blue on the back of the male butterfly koi that I used as the sire.....
Grrrrr off to Google scholar and Academia lol
Very quick check. It's heterozygous, meaning it can come from both and depends on how it expresses itself in dominance. I'm dealing with that in my magenta snakeskin saddleback colony. They carry purple body and blue tail genes. The magenta is dominant. When I get dominant blue tail genes they express a full purple body which dominates the snakeskin body/ tail genes. I get a pink with purple irridescence body and a black tail with blue irridescence.
The flip of that is the purple body gene that carries blue tail as excessive. I maintain the snakeskin body and magenta saddleback with the purple. The tails are pink, black and occasionally specs of white.
Same thing with the calico. One might express it, while another male or female doesn't. I'd imagine it's similar to the Endlers where you need to see the fish side by side after several generations to even get it to be one sided in the ratio, so you would still get the occasional internal argument.
Method for culling by Scale Types
goldfishkeepers.com
It's a scale mutation. A quick first cup of coffee summary. I haven't found a nice chart and breakdown of it like I have for guppies just yet. But those took a lot of time to find in the first place. I'm sure there is similar for a much longer bred fish. Much of my goldfish research has been geared more toward very early cultivation of carp, American cichlids, catfish etc... Where fish with albinism / leucism / really pretty patterns would be kept by rulers / cultural icons of civilizations.
We know goldfish were kept for thousands of years. Meso/central/ South America had floating islands of agriculture where they would net and pen large cichlids for food. Why wouldn't a Mayan king have a pond of beautiful Mayan Cichlids? They're in the art, we know they had pens, aquaculture and royal ponds. Why not?